KARAKTERISTIK MORFOMETRI MENENTUKAN KONDISI HIDROLOGI DAS RORAYA
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Karakteristik morfometri DAS digunakan sebagai dasar dalam pengelolaan baik pencegahan maupun penanggulangan banjir. Namun selama ini dalam penanganan banjir puncak tidak pernah memperhatikan morfometri DAS sebagai karakteristik dasar alami yang mempengaruhi perilaku air (hidrologi) sungai dalam suatu DAS. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik morfometri menentukan perilaku hidrologi sebagai dasar dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya air di DAS Roraya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa DAS Roraya berdasarkan deliniasi peta administrasi skalaa 1:250.00, memiliki luas DAS Roraya adalah 1.455,97 km2, terbagi atas 5 Sub DAS. Karakteristik morfometri menunjukkan bahwa DAS Roraya berbentuk memanjang. Kerapatan drainase DAS Roraya tergolong kelas sedang dan indeks percabangan sungai berkisar antara 3-5 tergolong dalam kelas sedang. Sehingga DAS Roraya tidak rawan banjir, namun apabila terjadi kondisi iklim yang ekstrim maka menyebabkan DAS Roraya mengalami banjir besar, sehingga terjadi penggenangan air dalam waktu yang relatif lama. Upaya pengelolaan DAS Roraya berbasis karakteristik morfometri dengan memperhatikan beberapa Sub DAS dengan mempertahankan ketersediaan dan keberlanjutan air sepanjang tahun tetap ada, kebutuhan sumber daya air dapat dipenuhi. Secara fisik pada wilayah tengah DAS/sub DAS Roraya dapat dibangun dam pengendali (cekdam), embung dan/atau bendungan air yang dilengkapi pintu air yang dapat mengatur kontinuitas aliran sungai.
Kata kunci: DAS, parameter morfometri, karakteristik hidrologi
ABSTRACT
The morphometry characteristics of watershed is used as the basis for flood management and mitigation. However, during peak flood handling, it has never considered watershed morphometry as a natural basic characteristic that affects river water (hydrological) behavior in a watershed. The objective of this research is to know the characteristic of morphometry to determine the hydrological behavior as the basis for the management of water resources in the Roraya watershed. The results showed that Roraya watershed based on delineation of administration map scale 1: 250.00, has wide Roraya watershed is 1.455,97 km2, divided into 5 sub-basins. Characteristics of morphometry show that the shape of the Roraya watershed is elongated. Roraya watershed drainage density is medium class and river branch index (bifurcation ratio) ranges from 3 to 5 belonging to medium class. So that Roraya watershed is not prone to flooding, but if there is extreme climatic conditions then cause the Roraya watershed to flood large, resulting in waterlogging in a relatively long time. Efforts to manage Roraya watershed based on morphometric characteristics with respect to several sub watersheds by maintaining water availability and sustainability throughout the year, the need for water resources can be met. Physically in the middle area of the Roraya watershed/ sub watershed can be constructed dam (control), embung and / or water dam equipped with sluice gate that can regulate the continuity of river flow.
Keywords: watershed, morphometric parameters, hydrological characteristics
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